Learn: taals, raags and paltas
The taals, raags and reets of Principal Dyal Singh's Gurmat Sangeet Sagar, each with a link that opens it in the studio so you can hear it and practise over it.
Sri Guru Granth Sahib arranges its shabads by raag, and kirtan sung in those raags and in taal is Gurmat Sangeet. These pages set out what the book gives for each taal and raag, in Gurmukhi, Devanagari and English.
Open the studio How paltas work Reets from the book
Taals
From the book's taal dictionary: the theka of each, with its sam, taali and khali.
- Dadra ਦਾਦਰਾ6 matras · 3 + 3
- Chaai-taal ਚਾਈ-ਤਾਲ7 matras · 3 + 2 + 2
- Rupak ਰੂਪਕ7 matras · 3 + 2 + 2
- Kehrva ਕਹਿਰਵਾ8 matras · 4 + 4
- Matt-taal ਮੱਤ-ਤਾਲ9 matras · 2 + 3 + 4
- Jhap-taal ਝਪ-ਤਾਲ10 matras · 2 + 3 + 2 + 3
- Soolfaak ਸੂਲਫਾਕ10 matras · 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2
- Bhaan-mati ਭਾਨ-ਮਤੀ11 matras · 4 + 2 + 2 + 3
- Jagpaal-taal ਜਗਪਾਲ-ਤਾਲ11 matras · 5 + 2 + 2 + 2
- Char-taal ਚਾਰ-ਤਾਲ12 matras · 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2
- Dhakka ਧੱਕਾ (ਇਕ-ਤਾਲਾ)12 matras · 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2
- Jaitaal ਜੈਤਾਲ13 matras · 5 + 4 + 2 + 2
- Aada-Chauntaala ਆੜਾ-ਚੌਂਤਾਲਾ14 matras · 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2
- Chanchal ਚੰਚਲ (ਦੀਪਚੰਦੀ)14 matras · 3 + 4 + 3 + 4
- Dhamar ਧਮਾਰ14 matras · 5 + 2 + 3 + 4
- Farodast ਫਰੋਦੱਸਤ14 matras · 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 3 + 3
- Sawari Panja-taal ਸਵਾਰੀ ਪੰਜ-ਤਾਲ15 matras · 3 + 4 + 4 + 2 + 2
- Chhoti-Tinn Taal ਛੋਟੀ-ਤਿੰਨ ਤਾਲ16 matras · 4 + 4 + 4 + 4
- Tinn Taal ਤਿੰਨ ਤਾਲ16 matras · 4 + 4 + 4 + 4
- Tinn Taal (Punjabi theka) ਤਿੰਨ ਤਾਲ (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਠੇਕਾ)16 matras · 4 + 4 + 4 + 4
Raags
From the raag introductions that open each chapter: aroh, avroh, vadi, samvadi and time.
- Raag Bilawal ਬਿਲਾਵਲBilawal thaat · first pahar of the day
- Raag Asa ਆਸਾBilawal thaat · fourth pahar of the night (amrit vela)
- Raag Asavari ਆਸਾਵਰੀAsavari thaat · first pahar of the day
- Raag Bhairau ਭੈਰਉBhairau thaat · early morning (amrit vela)
- Raag Bhairavi ਭੈਰਵੀBhairavi thaat · first pahar of the day
- Raag Sarang ਸਾਰੰਗKafi thaat · second pahar of the day (noon)
- Raag Bhupali ਭੂਪਾਲੀKalyan thaat · first pahar of the night
- Raag Kalyan ਕਲਿਆਨKalyan thaat · first pahar of the night
- Raag Bihag ਬਿਹਾਗBilawal thaat · second pahar of the night
- Raag Malkauns ਮਾਲਕੌਂਸBhairavi thaat · midnight, roughly the third pahar of the night
- Raag Bhimpalasi ਭੀਮਪਲਾਸੀKafi thaat · third pahar of the day
- Raag Bageshree ਬਾਗੇਸ਼੍ਰੀKafi thaat · third pahar of the night (around midnight)
- Raag Kafi ਕਾਫੀKafi thaat · second pahar of the night
- Raag Des ਦੇਸKhamaj thaat · second pahar of the night
Thaats
The ten thaats, the parent scales the palta builder can also use.